What is the Capital City of Saint Lucia?

Castries is the bustling capital city of Saint Lucia, an island nation in the Eastern Caribbean. This city, nestled along a natural harbor, is the center of government, commerce, and culture for the island. Castries is known for its vibrant atmosphere, picturesque surroundings, and rich history, which dates back to the colonial era.

Founded by the French in 1650, Castries has evolved from a small settlement into the dynamic city it is today. The city was named after Charles Eugène Gabriel de La Croix, Marquis de Castries, a French nobleman and military officer. Over the centuries, Castries has witnessed significant events, including colonial conflicts, fires, and the island’s eventual independence from Britain in 1979. Today, Castries is a thriving port city, hosting cruise ships, commercial vessels, and tourists from around the world.

Castries is not only the administrative heart of Saint Lucia but also its economic engine. The city is home to many government offices, including the official residence of the Prime Minister, and is the hub for the island’s banking, commerce, and transportation sectors. The city’s natural harbor, one of the finest in the Caribbean, has historically played a crucial role in its development. Castries is also known for its cultural attractions, including vibrant markets, historic sites, and annual festivals that celebrate the island’s heritage.

City Facts

• Area: Castries covers an area of approximately 79 square kilometers.
• Population: The city has an estimated population of around 20,000 people, with a larger population in the surrounding urban area.
• Time Zone: Castries operates on Atlantic Standard Time (AST), which is UTC -4.
• Highest Mountain: The highest point near Castries is Mount Fortune, which stands at an elevation of 250 meters above sea level.
• Longest River: The Roseau River, which flows near the city, is the longest river on the island, providing essential water resources for agriculture and domestic use.

Castries is characterized by its tropical climate, lush vegetation, and coastal location. The city’s layout reflects its historical development, with a mix of colonial-era buildings, modern infrastructure, and bustling markets. The city is also a gateway to exploring the rest of Saint Lucia, offering access to the island’s natural beauty, including beaches, rainforests, and the iconic Pitons.

Major Landmarks

Castries is home to several landmarks that reflect its rich history, cultural heritage, and natural beauty. These landmarks are central to the city’s identity and attract both locals and tourists alike.

The Derek Walcott Square

One of the most famous landmarks in Castries is the Derek Walcott Square, named after the Nobel Laureate in Literature, Derek Walcott, who was born in Saint Lucia. The square, located in the heart of the city, is a popular gathering place and is surrounded by historic buildings, including the Castries Cathedral. The square is shaded by large trees, including a 400-year-old Samaan tree, and features a bust of Derek Walcott, commemorating his contributions to literature and the arts.

Castries Central Market

The Castries Central Market is a vibrant and bustling marketplace that has been a staple of the city since 1894. The market is the largest and most important in Saint Lucia, offering a wide variety of goods, including fresh produce, spices, handicrafts, and local foods. The market is a reflection of the island’s culture and heritage, providing visitors with an authentic experience of Saint Lucian life. It is a must-visit destination for those looking to purchase souvenirs, taste local cuisine, or simply immerse themselves in the local atmosphere.

The Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception

The Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception is one of the most significant religious buildings in Castries and the largest church in the Caribbean. Completed in 1897, the cathedral is known for its stunning interior, which features murals and frescoes by the renowned Saint Lucian artist, Dunstan St. Omer. The cathedral’s high ceilings, stained glass windows, and ornate altar make it a remarkable example of colonial architecture and a key landmark in the city. The cathedral is located adjacent to Derek Walcott Square and is a central place of worship for the city’s Catholic community.

Government House

The Government House in Castries is the official residence of the Governor-General of Saint Lucia, who is the representative of the British monarch on the island. The Government House is a historic building, originally constructed in the 19th century, and is an excellent example of colonial architecture. The building is situated on a hill overlooking the city and offers stunning views of Castries and the surrounding area. While the house is not generally open to the public, it is an important symbol of the island’s political history and governance.

Morne Fortune

Morne Fortune, meaning “Hill of Good Luck” in French, is a historic site located just south of Castries. The hill played a crucial role in the island’s military history, particularly during the 18th and 19th centuries, when the British and French fought for control of Saint Lucia. Today, Morne Fortune is home to several historical sites, including old military fortifications, cannons, and the Sir Arthur Lewis Community College, named after the Saint Lucian economist and Nobel Laureate, Sir Arthur Lewis. Visitors to Morne Fortune can explore the historic sites and enjoy panoramic views of Castries and the Caribbean Sea.

Vigie Beach

Vigie Beach is one of the most popular beaches in Castries, located just a short distance from the city center and the George F. L. Charles Airport. The beach is known for its golden sands, clear waters, and calm conditions, making it an ideal spot for swimming, sunbathing, and relaxing. Vigie Beach is also a popular location for locals, particularly on weekends, and offers a more tranquil alternative to some of the island’s more tourist-heavy beaches. The beach’s proximity to the airport and downtown Castries makes it a convenient and accessible destination for visitors.

La Toc Battery

The La Toc Battery is a historical military fortification located on the western outskirts of Castries. Built by the British in the 19th century, the battery was part of a network of defenses designed to protect the island from naval attacks. The site includes several old cannons, underground bunkers, and military buildings, all of which offer a glimpse into the island’s colonial past. The La Toc Battery is also a scenic spot, with views of the Caribbean Sea and the surrounding coastline. The site is a popular destination for history enthusiasts and those interested in Saint Lucia’s military heritage.

Castries Waterfront

The Castries Waterfront is a vibrant area of the city, known for its bustling activity, scenic views, and important landmarks. The waterfront is home to the Castries Cruise Terminal, where cruise ships from around the world dock, bringing thousands of visitors to the island. The area is also the location of several important buildings, including the Saint Lucia Parliament and various government offices. The waterfront is a popular spot for strolling, shopping, and dining, with numerous restaurants, cafes, and shops offering a taste of local cuisine and culture.

Climate Overview

Castries, like the rest of Saint Lucia, enjoys a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and high humidity throughout the year. The city experiences a wet season from June to November and a dry season from December to May. The temperatures in Castries are relatively stable, with only slight variations between the seasons.

Climate Table

Month	Average Temperature (°C)	Average Precipitation (mm)	Average Sunny Days
January	26	80	22
February	26	60	23
March	27	70	24
April	27	90	22
May	28	120	21
June	28	160	19
July	28	180	18
August	28	190	18
September	28	210	17
October	28	200	18
November	28	150	20
December	27	110	22

During the wet season, Castries receives a significant amount of rainfall, particularly from tropical storms and hurricanes that occasionally affect the region. Despite the rain, the city also enjoys many sunny days throughout the year, making it an attractive destination for tourists. The dry season, from December to May, is the most popular time to visit, with warm temperatures, lower humidity, and plenty of sunshine.

Historical Capitals

Other Cities as Capital in History

Throughout Saint Lucia’s history, various towns and cities have served as the island’s capital before Castries became the permanent capital.

Soufrière (1746 – 1803)

Soufrière was the capital of Saint Lucia during the French colonial period from 1746 to 1803. Located on the western coast of the island, Soufrière was named after the nearby Sulphur Springs, an active geothermal area that is one of the island’s most famous natural attractions. During its time as the capital, Soufrière was the center of the island’s administrative and economic activities. The town was home to several important buildings, including the governor’s residence and various administrative offices. However, Soufrière’s status as the capital was relatively short-lived, as the island changed hands between the British and the French multiple times during this period.

Soufrière’s strategic location, with its deep natural harbor and fertile lands, made it an important center for agriculture, particularly sugar cane plantations. The town’s proximity to the iconic Pitons, two volcanic spires that are now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, also contributed to its significance. Today, Soufrière is a popular tourist destination, known for its stunning natural beauty, historic sites, and outdoor activities.

Vieux Fort (1803 – 1814)

Vieux Fort served as the capital of Saint Lucia during the early 19th century, from 1803 to 1814, during the period of British control. Located on the southern tip of the island, Vieux Fort was strategically important due to its proximity to both the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. The town was named after an old fort that once stood on a nearby hill, which was used by the British to defend the island from potential naval attacks.

During its time as the capital, Vieux Fort was a bustling town with a busy harbor, where goods such as sugar, rum, and molasses were exported. The town’s economy was largely based on agriculture, with sugar plantations being the primary source of wealth. Vieux Fort’s status as the capital ended when Castries was chosen as the new capital, due to its more central location and better natural harbor.

Today, Vieux Fort is the second-largest town in Saint Lucia and remains an important economic center. The town is home to the Hewanorra International Airport, the island’s main gateway for international flights, and is also known for its beautiful beaches and rich cultural heritage.

Gros Islet (1814 – 1844)

Gros Islet briefly served as the capital of Saint Lucia from 1814 to 1844 during the British colonial period. Located on the northern tip of the island, Gros Islet was initially a small fishing village but grew in importance during the 19th century as a center of administration and trade. The town’s location made it a strategic point for the British, who were interested in controlling the northern approaches to the island.

Gros Islet’s time as the capital was marked by the construction of several important buildings, including administrative offices, a courthouse, and a church. The town’s economy was based on fishing, agriculture, and trade, with the nearby Pigeon Island serving as a military outpost to protect the island from potential attacks. Gros Islet’s status as the capital ended in 1844 when Castries was permanently established as the island’s capital.

Today, Gros Islet is a popular tourist destination, known for its lively Friday Night Street Party, where locals and tourists gather to enjoy music, dancing, and street food. The town is also close to some of the island’s most famous resorts, beaches, and golf courses, making it a favorite destination for visitors.

Descriptions of Historical Capitals

The historical capitals of Saint Lucia each played a significant role in the island’s development, shaping its history and culture.

Soufrière

Soufrière is one of the most picturesque towns in Saint Lucia, located on the western coast and nestled between the towering Pitons. The town’s name, which means “sulfur” in French, reflects its proximity to the Sulphur Springs, a geothermal area that is one of the island’s most popular attractions. Soufrière was established by the French in the 18th century and quickly became the administrative and economic center of the island during their rule.

Soufrière’s economy was primarily based on agriculture, with sugar plantations being the mainstay. The town’s deep natural harbor made it an ideal location for shipping goods, and its fertile lands supported a thriving agricultural sector. The French influence is still evident in Soufrière’s architecture, with many buildings featuring the distinctive French colonial style.

Today, Soufrière is a major tourist destination, attracting visitors with its natural beauty, historic sites, and outdoor activities. The town is the gateway to exploring the Pitons, the Sulphur Springs, and several waterfalls and hiking trails. Soufrière’s rich history and stunning scenery make it a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to Saint Lucia.

Vieux Fort

Vieux Fort is a town with a rich history and a strategic location on the southern tip of Saint Lucia. The town’s name, which means “old fort” in French, reflects its historical significance as a military stronghold during the colonial period. Vieux Fort served as the capital of Saint Lucia during the early 19th century under British rule, and its harbor was a busy port for the export of sugar and other goods.

The town’s economy was heavily dependent on agriculture, with large sugar plantations dominating the landscape. Vieux Fort’s status as the capital was short-lived, but the town continued to play an important role in the island’s economy. Today, Vieux Fort is a thriving town with a diverse economy that includes agriculture, tourism, and transportation. The Hewanorra International Airport, located just outside the town, is the main gateway for visitors to the island, and the nearby beaches and natural attractions make Vieux Fort a popular destination for tourists.

Gros Islet

Gros Islet is a town located on the northern tip of Saint Lucia, known for its vibrant culture and beautiful beaches. The town served as the capital of Saint Lucia during the early 19th century when the island was under British control. Gros Islet was a small fishing village that grew in importance due to its strategic location and the construction of military outposts nearby.

During its time as the capital, Gros Islet was a center of administration and trade, with the economy based on fishing, agriculture, and commerce. The town’s proximity to Pigeon Island, a key military outpost, added to its strategic significance. Gros Islet’s status as the capital ended when Castries was established as the permanent capital, but the town continued to grow and develop.

Today, Gros Islet is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Saint Lucia, known for its lively Friday Night Street Party, beautiful beaches, and luxurious resorts. The town’s history as a former capital and its cultural vibrancy make it a unique and attractive destination for visitors.

Country Facts

According to COUNTRYAAH, Saint Lucia is an island nation in the Eastern Caribbean, known for its stunning natural beauty, rich culture, and vibrant history. The island is part of the Lesser Antilles and is situated between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Saint Lucia is famous for its dramatic landscapes, including the iconic Pitons, lush rainforests, and pristine beaches.

Country Overview

• Population: Saint Lucia has a population of approximately 180,000 people. The island’s population is predominantly of African descent, with a mix of European, East Indian, and other ethnic groups.
• Area: The island covers an area of 617 square kilometers, making it one of the smaller Caribbean islands by land area.
• Largest City: Castries is the largest city and the capital of Saint Lucia, serving as the political, economic, and cultural center of the island.
• Currency: The official currency of Saint Lucia is the Eastern Caribbean dollar (XCD), which is used by several countries in the Eastern Caribbean and is pegged to the US dollar.
• Official Language: The official language of Saint Lucia is English, which is used in government, education, and media. In addition to English, Saint Lucian Creole French, also known as Kwéyòl, is widely spoken by the population and is an important part of the island’s cultural identity.
• ISO Country Codes: The ISO codes for Saint Lucia are LC as the two-letter code, LCA as the three-letter code, and 662 as the numeric code.

Detailed Country Facts

Saint Lucia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations and has a parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarchy. The island gained independence from Britain on February 22, 1979, and is known for its stable political system and strong legal framework.

Population

Saint Lucia’s population is diverse and predominantly of African descent, with small communities of European, East Indian, and mixed-heritage individuals. The island has a young population, with a high percentage of people under the age of 30. The majority of the population is Christian, with Roman Catholicism being the dominant denomination, followed by Protestantism.

The island’s cultural heritage is a blend of African, European, and Caribbean influences, which is reflected in its music, dance, cuisine, and festivals. The Saint Lucian Creole culture, which has its roots in the African and French heritage of the island, is an integral part of the island’s identity.

Area

Saint Lucia’s landscape is characterized by its mountainous terrain, lush rainforests, and beautiful coastlines. The island is home to several natural attractions, including the Pitons, which are two volcanic spires that rise dramatically from the sea and are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The island’s interior is dominated by dense rainforests, which are rich in biodiversity and provide a habitat for a wide variety of plant and animal species.

The island’s coastline is dotted with sandy beaches, coral reefs, and small fishing villages, offering a mix of natural beauty and cultural experiences. The island’s volcanic origin has also given rise to geothermal features, such as the Sulphur Springs near Soufrière, which are a popular tourist attraction.

Largest City

Castries is the largest city and the capital of Saint Lucia. The city is the main hub for government, commerce, and transportation on the island. Castries is known for its natural harbor, which is one of the finest in the Caribbean and serves as a key port for cruise ships and commercial vessels.

The city’s economy is based on tourism, retail, and services, with many international visitors arriving via cruise ships or the nearby George F. L. Charles Airport. Castries is also home to several cultural and historical sites, including the Derek Walcott Square, the Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, and the Castries Central Market. The city’s vibrant atmosphere, combined with its rich history and cultural attractions, makes it an important destination for visitors to the island.

Currency

The Eastern Caribbean dollar (XCD) is the official currency of Saint Lucia. The Eastern Caribbean dollar is used by eight countries in the Eastern Caribbean and is managed by the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB). The currency is pegged to the US dollar at a fixed exchange rate, which provides stability to the economies of the member countries.

The Eastern Caribbean dollar is divided into 100 cents, and it is available in both coins and banknotes. The currency is widely accepted across the island, and most businesses also accept US dollars, particularly in the tourism sector. The use of the Eastern Caribbean dollar facilitates trade and economic integration among the member countries of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU).

Official Language

English is the official language of Saint Lucia, and it is used in all official government communications, as well as in the education system and the media. English was introduced to the island during the colonial period, and it has remained the dominant language since independence. The widespread use of English has helped to unify the diverse population of the island and has facilitated communication with the broader Caribbean region and the world.

In addition to English, Saint Lucian Creole French, also known as Kwéyòl, is widely spoken by the population. Saint Lucian Creole is a French-based Creole language that developed during the colonial period as a means of communication among the African slaves, European settlers, and other groups on the island. Kwéyòl is an important part of the island’s cultural identity, and it is celebrated during annual events such as Creole Day, where the island’s Creole heritage is showcased through music, dance, food, and cultural performances.

ISO Country Codes

The ISO country codes for Saint Lucia are LC as the two-letter code, LCA as the three-letter code, and 662 as the numeric code. These codes are used in various international contexts, including in the coding of country names in databases, shipping, and internet domains.

Saint Lucia’s internet domain is .lc, which is used for websites registered in the country. The ISO codes are also used in the country’s currency code, XCD, which stands for the Eastern Caribbean dollar.